SUMMARY
Considering the quality, quantity, and diversity of films distributed under the Walt Disney Company banner, GLAAD has given the Walt Disney Company an INSUFFICIENT grade.
Of the theatrical films released by Walt Disney Studios itself, it was disappointing to see that none of their releases passed the Vito Russo test. Any inclusion in the Marvel Cinematic Universe was from characters whose identities were confirmed in other Marvel properties, and the one animated film with LGBTQ representation was a quick confirmation from a character with under a minute of screen time. Considering past Marvel films such as Eternals and animated films such as Strange World, which both featured LGBTQ characters as major parts of their ensembles, it is disappointing to see 2023’s Disney films far beneath the bar set in previous years. Further, no films from label 20th Century Studios included LGBTQ characters.
Subsidiary Searchlight Pictures fared far better in terms of queer representation. Romantic drama All of Us Strangers painted a nuanced and beautiful portrait of a gay man’s loneliness and finding love with another man. Mockumentary Theater Camp also showcased a gay lead, and a handful of queer youths. Films such as Poor Things and Next Goal Wins had LGBTQ characters in prominent roles, yet the portrayal of those characters did not live up to their potential.
Hulu featured the most films with LGBTQ representation including Black queer women in films such as romantic comedy Rye Lane and horror film Jagged Mind, though some Hulu films left more to be desired from their onscreen representation including Appendage, Clock, and Quasi. Unfortunately, zero Disney+ scripted feature films included LGBTQ characters.
Overall, Disney has a mixed bag when it comes to LGBTQ representation. Specifically, representation is lacking in blockbuster franchises and kids and family films, which is what the Disney brand is known for. GLAAD urges Disney to include more LGBTQ characters in these types of stories and a greater variety of platforms telling a greater variety of queer stories.
HISTORY
Walt Disney is one of the largest and most recognizable film and entertainment companies in the world, encompassing an expansive international brand far beyond just films. The company distributes and markets the majority of content produced by Walt Disney Pictures, Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar Animation Studios, Lucasfilm, Marvel Studios, Searchlight Pictures, and 20th Century Studios. In recent years, Disney has shuttered studios such as Fox 2000 and Blue Sky Animation, most recently dissolving 20th Digital Studio in 2023. Disney launched its streaming service Disney+ in 2019 and has experimented with film releases on the service in lieu of or in addition to theatrical releases. Also in 2019, Disney reached an agreement with Comcast for majority control of Hulu, with the intent of finalizing the deal in 2024. In 2023, Disney announced its plan to combine Disney+ and Hulu content into a “one-app” experience” by the end of the year. The official launch of Hulu on Disney+ was finalized in 2024, but each service remains available separately.
Compared to other studios tracked in this study, Walt Disney Studios has historically had a subpar reputation surrounding LGBTQ inclusion. Disney-owned Touchstone Pictures has released inclusive films Ed Wood (1994), Sweet Home Alabama (2002), Under the Tuscan Sun (2003), and Kinky Boots (2006). Lucasfilms produced Mishima: A Life in Four Chapters (1985), which combined gay Japanese writer Yukio Mishima’s autobiography with parts of his fiction novels, but was never officially released in Japan due to protests, and was released by Warner Bros. in the United States. Disney’s past LGBTQ-inclusive films include GLAAD Media Award winner Eternals (2021) and GLAAD Media Award nominee Strange World (2022), in addition to Delivery Man (2013), Muppets Most Wanted (2014), Beauty and the Beast (2017), Black Panther: Wakanda Forever (2022), Lightyear (2022), Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness (2022), and Thor: Love and Thunder (2022); and 20th Century’s previous LGBTQ-inclusive releases include The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975), Making Love (1982), Silkwood (1983), The Object of My Affection (1998), The Family Stone (2005), Independence Day: Resurgence (2016), GLAAD Media Award winner Love, Simon (2018), The New Mutants (2020) and GLAAD Media Award nominee West Side Story (2021). Hulu began producing original films in 2019 and has released GLAAD Media Award winners Happiest Season (2020), and Changing the Game (2021), and Fire Island (2022); GLAAD Media Award nominees Plan B (2021), Crush (2022), Wildhood (2022), and Mormon No More (2022), among others. In 2022, Disney+ also released GLAAD Media Award nominees Better Nate than Ever, Trevor: The Musical and Zombies 3.